Cider, with its crisp and refreshing taste, has a history as rich and diverse as the apples from which it's made. From its ancient roots to its modern resurgence, cider has been enjoyed by cultures around the world for thousands of years. Join us on a journey through time as we explore the fascinating history of cider and its enduring legacy.

• Ancient Origins: The history of cider dates back to ancient times, with evidence of fermented apple beverages found in archaeological sites dating back thousands of years. The ancient Greeks and Romans are believed to have produced cider-like drinks using wild apples, honey, and other natural ingredients. In ancient Rome, cider, known as "sikera," was consumed as a popular beverage among soldiers and civilians alike.
• Medieval Europe: During the Middle Ages, cider production flourished in Europe, particularly in regions such as Normandy, Brittany, and the English countryside. Monasteries and abbeys played a significant role in cider production, with monks cultivating orchards and refining techniques for apple cultivation and fermentation. Cider became a staple beverage for peasants and nobility alike, enjoyed as a refreshing alternative to water and ale.
• Colonial America: Cider making was brought to the New World by European settlers, who planted apple orchards throughout the American colonies in the 17th and 18th centuries. Colonial Americans embraced cider as a versatile and accessible beverage, using it for everything from quenching thirst to preserving apples for the winter months. Cider mills and presses became common fixtures in colonial communities, and cider was often enjoyed with meals or as a social libation at taverns and gatherings.
• Prohibition and Decline: The 19th and early 20th centuries brought challenges to the cider industry, particularly in the United States, where the temperance movement and Prohibition dealt a significant blow to cider production. Many orchards were destroyed, and cider making fell out of favor as other beverages such as beer and soda gained popularity. In Europe, industrialization and urbanization led to the decline of traditional cider making in favor of more commercially produced alternatives.
• Modern Resurgence: In recent decades, cider has experienced a renaissance, fueled by a growing interest in craft beverages and artisanal products. Cider makers around the world have embraced traditional techniques and innovative approaches to cider making, resulting in a diverse array of styles, flavors, and expressions. From dry and tart to sweet and sparkling, modern ciders offer something for every palate, with an emphasis on quality ingredients and small-batch production.
• Global Diversity: Today, cider is enjoyed in countries around the world, each with its own unique cider-making traditions and styles. In England, traditional cider making remains a cherished cultural practice, with orchards and cider houses dotting the countryside. In France, cider production is centered in regions such as Normandy and Brittany, where artisanal producers craft complex and nuanced ciders using heirloom apple varieties. In the United States, craft cider makers are leading the charge in innovation, experimenting with different apple varieties, fermentation techniques, and flavor profiles to create distinctive and memorable ciders.
• The Future of Cider: As cider continues to gain popularity and recognition on the global stage, the future of cider looks bright and promising. With an emphasis on sustainability, terroir-driven production, and consumer education, cider makers are poised to elevate cider to new heights of excellence and appreciation. As consumers seek out authentic and locally sourced beverages, cider stands poised to capture the imagination and taste buds of a new generation of drinkers.

In conclusion, the history of cider is a testament to the enduring appeal of this beloved beverage. From its ancient origins to its modern revival, cider has evolved and adapted to the tastes and preferences of cultures around the world. As we raise our glasses to toast the past, present, and future of cider, let us celebrate the timeless spirit of craftsmanship, community, and enjoyment that cider brings to our lives. Cheers to the storied history of cider and the adventures that lie ahead!

Richard Parker, California